Name: LAYARA MOREIRA CALIXTO
Publication date: 18/12/2020
Advisor:
Name |
Role |
|---|---|
| RENATO RIBEIRO SIMAN | Advisor * |
Examining board:
| Name |
Role |
|---|---|
| EDNILSON SILVA FELIPE | Internal Examiner * |
| GISELE DE LORENA DINIZ CHAVES | Co advisor * |
| LUCIANA HARUE YAMANE | Co advisor * |
| RENATO RIBEIRO SIMAN | Advisor * |
Summary: In Brazil, the National Solid Waste Policy (PNRS) was a guiding regulatory framework regarding the management of urban solid waste, aiming at encouraging the recycling of solid waste and making it a priority to direct selectively collected solid waste to waste pickers organizations (WPO). Most waste pickers have long working hours and receive low wages, mainly due to the difficulties faced in the screening stage with low productivity and the presence of tailings. The percentage of tailings present in the waste varies according to the generating source and the type of selective collection, and its presence is mainly related to the population's lack of awareness. Another factor
that affects productivity is the infrastructure, which is related to the ability to receive material. However, the low turnover of WPO obtained with the sale of recyclables does not allow investment in process improvements. Furthermore, there is no point in improving infrastructure if WPO do not have access to waste in sufficient volume, whether from household sources or large private generators, a factor directly influenced by the increase in selective collection coverage and the incentive to implement partnerships with large generators. In this sense, the general objective of this study is to evaluate the effect of public policies on environmental education, incentives for partnerships, expansion of selective collection coverage and selective collection strategies on the financial income of the collectors integrated in WPO. The methodology used was systems dynamics through scenario analysis. Among the main results, it was observed that the environmental education policy has a low impact on
the income of waste pickers. The policy of expanding selective collection coverage by 15% and 30% did not differ due to the infrastructural limitations of the WPO studied. As for the selective collection strategy, the PEV modality was the one that presented the highest financial return per ton of waste sorted. However, the policy of encouraging partnerships had a greater impact on income, being the only one that allowed members to receive salaries higher than the current minimum wage. As for the governance scenarios, WHERE all policies were implemented together with investment in infrastructure, it was observed that the scenarios of total implementation of the policies, considering as a selective collection strategy the majority use of the PEV modality, the
reach of the collectors' income was the greatest of all scenarios. However, the scenario with investment in infrastructure limited the individual wages of waste pickers, although WPO's global revenues, as well as the amount of waste sorted, was higher than in the scenario without investment.
